What is the infective stage of Fasciola hepatica?
The adult flukes reside in the large biliary ducts of the mammalian host. By this life cycle, it is known that the infective stage of Fasciola hepatica is metacercaria.
How can you get infected with Fasciola hepatica?
People get infected by accidentally ingesting (swallowing) the parasite. The main way this happens is by eating raw watercress or other contaminated freshwater plants.
What is the infective stage of clonorchis sinensis?
As with Clonorchis and Opisthorchis, the metacercarial infective stage in the fish host’s muscle, when consumed raw or improperly cooked, completes its development in the host’s intestine. When the intestinal parasite numbers are large, intestinal ulceration and inflammation may occur.
What type of parasite is Fasciola hepatica?
parasitic trematode
Fasciola hepatica, also known as the common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke, is a parasitic trematode (fluke or flatworm, a type of helminth) of the class Trematoda, phylum Platyhelminthes.
Which stage of liver fluke infects the intermediate host?
So, the correct answer is ‘Miracidium and metacercaria’
What is the primary cause of human infection of Fasciola?
People usually become infected by eating raw watercress or other water plants contaminated with immature parasite larvae. The young worms move through the intestinal wall, the abdominal cavity, and the liver tissue, into the bile ducts, where they develop into mature adult flukes that produce eggs.
What is liver fluke infection?
Liver fluke disease is a chronic parasitic inflammatory disease of the bile ducts. Infection occurs through ingestion of fluke-infested, fresh-water raw fish. The most well-known species that cause human infection are Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini and Opisthorchis felineus.
Where is Fasciola hepatica found?
Fasciola hepatica is found on all inhabited continents, in more than 70 countries, particularly where sheep or cattle are raised. Human infections have been reported in parts of Europe, the Middle East, Latin America (e.g., Bolivia and Peru), the Caribbean, Asia, Africa, and rarely in Australia.
What is sinensis infection?
sinensis is a common parasite of fish-eating mammals, including cats, dogs, and humans. Humans become infected by eating raw or undercooked freshwater fish in the form of fillets, sashimi, or congee that contain C. sinensis metacercariae. When infected, C. sinensis lives within the biliary system of humans.
What is the source of infection of Clonorchis sinensis?
How does one become infected with Clonorchis? The eggs of Clonorchis are ingested by freshwater snails. After the eggs hatch, infected snails release microscopic larvae that then enter freshwater fish. People become infected by eating infected raw or undercooked fish containing the larvae.
Which of following is the infectious stage to secondary host of Fasciola?
Here we can conclude that the infective stage of Fasciola hepatica to sheep is metacercariae. Therefore the correct answer is option (C).
Which stage of liver fluke is infectious to human?
Metacercariae is the infective stage in animals like sheep and cattle and in human beings.
Which of the following larval stage of Fasciola is infective to primary host?
Which stage of Fasciola infects primary host?
metacercaria
Therefore, it can be concluded that the larval stage of Fasciola hepatica that infects intermediate hosts is the miracidium and the definitive or primary host is metacercaria. Hence, option (b) is correct.
What is the pathogenesis of Fasciola hepatica?
The pathogenicity of Fasciola hepatica was studied in a group of six sheep experi- mentally infected seven weeks after mating. Eosinophilia and raised levels of gamma globulin were early changes in the blood, followed later by the onset of a progressive anaemia accompanied by loss of liveweight.
What are symptoms of liver fluke?
Untreated, infections may persist for up to 25–30 years, the lifespan of the parasite. Typical symptoms include indigestion, abdominal pain, diarrhea, or constipation. In severe cases, abdominal pain, nausea, and diarrhea can occur.
Where do liver flukes come from?
Life Cycle of the Liver Fluke These eggs develop in freshwater, using snails as an immediate host to undergo several developmental stages. The snail later releases the eggs onto plants, which are ingested by grazing animals and passed on to humans, where they live to adulthood.
How many people infected with Fasciola hepatica?
In general, fascioliasis is more common and widespread in animals than in people. Even so, the number of infected people in the world is thought to exceed two million. Fasciola hepatica is found in focal areas of more than 70 countries, in all continents except Antarctica.
What is the cause of sinensis?
Background. Clonorchiasis is a serious food-borne parasitic disease caused by C. sinensis infection, and humans become infected by C. sinensis after ingesting raw or semi-raw freshwater fish and shrimp that contain infective metacercariae [1].
How is the presence of C. sinensis diagnosis?
Diagnosis of Clonorchis infection is based on microscopic identification of eggs in stool specimens. More than one stool sample may be needed to detect the eggs.