What is Blimp-1 immunology?
BLIMP-1 is a transcription factor that triggers expression of many downstream signaling cascades. As a fine-tuned and contextual rheostat of the immune system, BLIMP-1 up- or down-regulates immune responses depending on the precise scenarios.
What regulates blimp1?
The overlap of Blimp-1 and XBP-1 function was restricted to the UPR, with Blimp-1 uniquely regulating mTOR activity and plasma cell size. Thus, Blimp-1 is required for the unique physiological capacity of plasma cells that enables the secretion of protective antibody.
What is the role of blimp?
Blimp-1 promoted the migration and adhesion of plasmablasts. It directly repressed genes encoding several transcription factors and Aicda (which encodes the cytidine deaminase AID) and thus silenced B cell-specific gene expression, antigen presentation and class-switch recombination in plasmablasts.
Which of the following is or appears to be controlled by blimp-1 during plasma cell differentiation?
Which of the following is or appears to be controlled by Blimp-1 during plasma cell differentiation? Hint: As a master regulator, Blimp-1 controls multiple aspects of differentiation.
What does T bet mean?
T-box expressed in T cells
T-box transcription factor TBX21, also called T-bet (T-box expressed in T cells) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TBX21 gene.
What is BCL6 gene?
BCL6 (BCL6 Transcription Repressor) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with BCL6 include Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Among its related pathways are TP53 Regulates Transcription of Cell Death Genes and Gene expression (Transcription).
What does PRDM1 stand for?
PRDM1 Gene – PR/SET Domain 1 The protein binds specifically to the PRDI (positive regulatory domain I element) of the beta-IFN gene promoter. Transcription of this gene increases upon virus induction. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been reported.
Which of the following is or appears to be controlled by blimp 1 during plasma cell differentiation?
What is B cell proliferation?
Definition: The expansion of a B cell population by cell division following B cell activation during an immune response.
How plasma cells become activated?
Upon stimulation by a T cell, which usually occurs in germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes, the activated B cell begins to differentiate into more specialized cells. Germinal center B cells may differentiate into memory B cells or plasma cells.
What is Tbet a marker for?
T-bet is also expressed in a subset of T-cell lymphomas, particularly those that express other markers of Th1 T cell differentiation, and in a subset of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas.
How can you tell the difference between Th1 and Th2?
Th1 cells stimulate cellular immune response, participate in the inhibition of macrophage activation and stimulate B cells to produce IgM, IgG1. Th2 stimulates humoral immune response, promotes B cell proliferation and induces antibody production (IL-4).
Does BCL6 exist?
BCL6 is exclusively present in the B-cells of both healthy and neoplastic (cancerous) germinal centers.
Is Blimp1 a gene?
Blimp1, also known as PR domain zinc finger protein 1, encoded by the prdm1 gene, was initially described as a repressor of the human interferon β gene (ifnβ), specifically binding the PRDI element of the ifnβ promoter (1).
What is T cytotoxic?
(SY-toh-TOK-sik sel) A type of immune cell that can kill certain cells, including foreign cells, cancer cells, and cells infected with a virus. Cytotoxic T cells can be separated from other blood cells, grown in the laboratory, and then given to a patient to kill cancer cells.
What cytokines do B cells produce?
Regulatory B cells (Breg) are distinguished by their ability to secrete IL-10 or TGFβ-1, while effector B cell populations produce cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, TNFα, IL-6 (Be-2 cells) or IFNγ, IL-12 and TNFα (Be-1 cells).
What is the lifespan of plasma?
Plasma cells can be generally divided into two distinct categories based on their lifespan: (a) short-lived plasma cells/plasmablasts (proliferating cells with a life span of 3–5 days) and (b) long-lived plasma cells (non-proliferating cells with a life span of several months to lifetime).
Are plasma cells white blood cells?
A type of immune cell that makes large amounts of a specific antibody. Plasma cells develop from B cells that have been activated. A plasma cell is a type of white blood cell.
What is the role of Th1?
Th1 cells play important roles in the identification and eradication of intracellular pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, and Leishmania.