What is M13 phagemid?
The bacteriophage known as “M13” forms the basis of cloning systems designed to easily introduce mutations into genes inserted into the phage genome. It also has been used in various “phage display” methodologies and “combinatorial” DNA and peptide libraries.
What is M13 plasmid?
M13 origin of replication – in DNA molecule. M13 gene products – in cell containing DNA molecule. Phage proteins can be provided in trans by helper phage. – allows “phagemid” vectors to be used. (plasmid + M13 origin of replication)
What is the function of M13 based vector?
M13 cloning vectors have been developed for the selection of DNA sequences capable of directing initiation of DNA synthesis on single-stranded templates. These vectors are derived from viable M13 mutants containing large deletions in the region of the complementary strand origin.
Why M13 phage is used in phage display?
Numerous bacteriophage species have been employed in phage display systems, including f1, fd, T4, M13 and T7, of which the latter two examples are considered to be efficient display vectors. The most commonly employed phage display system is M13 as it contains nonessential regions that allow exogenous gene insertions.
What is the nature of M13 phage DNA?
M13 phage is a bacterial virus composed of a single-stranded DNA encapsulated by various major and minor coat proteins. It has a long-rod filament shape that is approximately 880 nm in length and 6.6 nm in width (Smith & Petrenko, 1997).
How was M13 formed?
M13 bacteriophage (M13KE) was purchased from New England Biolabs as double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and transferred into One Shot TOP10F´ Chemically Competent E. coli (Thermo Fisher Scientific) through a heat shock. It was subsequently self-propagated in batch cultures using the E. coli strain (Fig.
Is M13 phage lytic or lysogenic?
lysogenic phages
Phages are divided into three main classes based on their production and generation: lytic phages such as T4; temperate phages like Lambda; and lysogenic phages such as M13. M13 is a filamentous phage that converts the host cell into a generation factory without lytic disruption.
What does M13 stand for?
Mara Salvatrucha, commonly known as MS-13, is an international criminal gang that originated in Los Angeles, California, in the 1970s and 1980s. Originally, the gang was set up to protect Salvadoran immigrants from other gangs in the Los Angeles area.
How does bacteriophage M13 replicate?
It is concluded that in M13 infection semicon- servative RF replication of a double strand to a double strand, in contrast to single-stranded DNA synthesis, depends specifically on the dnaB function. semiconservative replication of double-stranded RF DNA.
Where is M13 located?
RA 16h 41m 41s | Dec +36° 27′ 35″Messier 13 / Coordinates
How many stars are in the M13 cluster?
100,000 stars
Like shiny flakes sparkling in a snow globe, over 100,000 stars whirl within the globular cluster M13, one of the brightest star clusters visible from the Northern Hemisphere.
Who discovered M13?
astronomer Edmond Halley
The English astronomer Edmond Halley, best known for recognizing the periodicity of the comet that bears his name, discovered M13 in 1714. When Charles Messier added M13 to his catalog in 1764, he was convinced that the nebulous object did not contain any stars at all.
What kind of object is M13?
Messier 13 or M13, also designated NGC 6205 and sometimes called the Great Globular Cluster in Hercules or the Hercules Globular Cluster, is a globular cluster of several hundred thousand stars in the constellation of Hercules.
Where is M13 star cluster?
What is the life cycle of M13 phage?
Life cycle of M13 Bacteriophage They are single strand DNA phages. M13 phage is related to Fd and Fi class of phages. M13 phage is 895 nm long and 6 nm thick, the central core is 2.5nm wide. The DNA is packed in linear but in helical form and contains a 100 nt ds long hairpin like structure at one end of it called intergenic region (IG).
What is the function of M13 in E coli?
M13 uses the F pilus of E. coli to infect the cell. Protein pill located on the tip of M13 contacts the TolA protein located on the pilus of host cell.
What is the mechanism of action of M13?
M13 uses the F pilus of E. coli to infect the cell. Protein pill located on the tip of M13 contacts the TolA protein located on the pilus of host cell. This interaction causes a conformational change in pVIlI from 100% alpha-helix to 85% alpha-helix resulting in the shortening of filament.
How do phage particles get detached from the bacterial surface?
The growing phage filament is threaded through the pi, pll, pIV channel. After fully coating phage DNA with pVIII, secretion terminated by adding the pIII/pVI cap. Therefore, the new phage particle gets detached from the bacterial surface. It takes 10 minutes in synthesis of new phage in the infected host.